Soldering is a common method used in the piping industry to join fittings, particularly in applications where a secure and leak-proof connection is essential. This process involves melting a filler metal, called solder, and using it to join two or more metal components together. Before heating the metal, flux is applied to the cleaned surfaces. Flux is a chemical substance that helps remove oxidation and promotes the flow of solder. It also prevents new oxidation from forming during the soldering process. The components are fitted together in their desired configuration, and a heat source, such as a soldering iron or torch, is used to heat the joint. The heat is applied to both the pipe and the fitting to raise the temperature of the metal.
The solder is introduced to the joint once the metal surfaces reach the appropriate temperature. The solder should melt and flow into the joint by capillary action. Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or against, external forces like gravity. In soldering, capillary action draws the molten solder into the gap between the fittings. The joint is left to cool and the solder to solidify. This creates a strong and durable bond between the components.
Soldering is favored in the piping industry for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ability to create tight and reliable joints. However, it’s essential to follow proper procedures and adhere to industry standards to ensure the safety and longevity of the soldered connections.