Threaded pipe fittings refer to pipe fittings connected with pipes by internal or external threads; their dimensions are no more than 4 inches in most cases. Thread connection is the oldest way that we still use today. These fittings have threaded ends that enable them to be easily screwed onto the threaded ends of pipes or other fittings. The threads provide a secure and leak-resistant connection, making them suitable for various applications, such as plumbing systems, water distribution, and air systems.
The most common thread standards for pipe fittings include NPT (National Pipe Thread) and BSP (British Standard Pipe). NPT threads are widely used in the United States, while BSP threads are common in many other parts of the world. These fittings are available in various materials, including steel, stainless steel, brass, and other alloys. The material choice depends on factors such as the type of fluid being conveyed, environmental conditions, and the application’s specific requirements.
Threaded fittings are relatively easy to install, requiring no welding. A pipe wrench is typically used to tighten the fittings securely. Teflon tape or pipe dope is often applied to the threads to ensure a tight seal and prevent leakage. Some common types of threaded fittings include:
- Elbows: Used to change the direction of the pipe.
- Tees: Allow the splitting or combining of fluid flow.
- Couplings: Join two pipes of the same diameter.
- Unions: Allow for easy disassembly of pipes for maintenance or repairs.
- Caps: Seal the end of a pipe.
- Nipples: Short lengths of threaded pipe for connecting two fittings.